There are a variety of accepted treatments for primary or secondary ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction.

• Although open pyeloplasty remains the gold standard, several endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques are available as alternative treatment options.

These techniques include:

• Laparoscopic transperitoneal pyeloplasty,
• Antegrade endoscopic endopyelotomy and endopyeloplasty,
• Retrograde endopyelotomy, and
• Retrograde balloon dilatation alone.

Open pyeloplasty is an invasive, dismembering treatment with a mean postoperative hospital stay of 6 days.

Laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques are less invasive than open pyeloplasty but they are associated with a long learning curve for the operator and a long operation time (mean, 245 minutes).

We devised a new method for treating primary UPJ obstruction using a detachable inflatable spacer balloon positioned stream up through the bladder. First the obstruction is dilated with a special dilatation balloon. After doing that a double J catheter is placed followed by the  spacer ballon catheter next to the double J.

The reason for developing a new method to treat UPJ obstruction was to try to help patients using a minimally invasive, straightforward, and fast procedure with a fast recovering time and without  organ  or skin scars.

The procedure can be done in 30 minutes. This means a considerable reduction in OR time, complications and costs to the public health system.

To know if you deal with a primary UPJ obstruction or a secondary, a diagnostic dilatation with a common PTA balloon can be done on an out patient base.
In case a waist in the balloon (visible on X-ray fluoroscopy) does not appear while filling the balloon with contrast medium, it probably is a secondary stenosis, caused by external compression.
In case a waist is visible at higher balloon pressures it’s a primary stenosis caused by intrinsic wall factors.